Attachment for microscopes



L. R. BOWEN 2,228,906

ATTACHMENT FOR MICROSCOPES Jan. 14, 1941.

Filed Nov. 6, 1957 Patented Jan. 14, 1941 k 2,228,906.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ATTACHMENT FOR MICROSCOPES Lloyd 18,. Bowen, Oakland, Calif.

Application November 6, 1937, Serial No. 173,145 1 Claim. (01. 88-40) This invention relates to an attachment for building and as the flow of water through the microscopes or refractome'ter's, particularly useful shell depends on the pressure of the mains, conin bacteriological research. siderable fluctuation of flow occurs as more or It is an object of the invention to provide appaless water is drawn from the mains in other parts 5 ratus for maintaining the culture under observa- 01 the building. These variations in flow will obtion, when in the microscope or refraotometer at viously affect the temperature with the result 5 a predetermined uniform temperature. that constant vigilance is necessary to maintain Another object of the invention is to provide the specimen at the desired degree of heat. a small but efficient apparatus for heating and In addition to the above there is another 'un- 1 circulating fluids, desirable feature connected with the use of water The invention possesses other objects and ieafrom the building mains to heat the specimen tures oi advantage, some of which, together with and that is that scale or other sediment may find the foregoing, will be specifically set forth in the its way into the shell or the conduits connected specification hereunto annexed. It is to 'be unthereto and clog t em t e eby P e e the derstood that the invention is not to be limited free flow of water therethrough. 15 to the particular species thereof shown and de- I have p e ppa atus by means of which scribed as various other embodiments thereof a q y of Water at a Constant temperature may be employed within the scope of the apand volume may be circulated through a heat pended claim. r-adiator adapted to be mounted on the micro- Referring to the drawing: scope or refractometer and I have also provided 20 Figure 1 is a view, partly in perspective, partly in this apparatus an improved radiator and a in front elevation and partly in vertical section, simple and efllcient means for circulating the showing the apparatus of my invention connected water.

for use with a refractometer. In detail, I provide a heat radiator, shown in Figure 2 is a perspective view of the heat radidetail in Figure 2, comp is g a hollow reotangu- 25 ator. lar shell 4 composed of glass, Celluloid or other Figure 3 is a bottom elevational view looking transparent material, which is adapted 0 be upwardly into the pump casing. The plane in placed on the slide support 6 of the microscope 'l which the view is taken is indicated by the line and held in place thereon by the us al Sp 3-3 01 Figure 1. clips 8, and between the upper surf-ace of the 30 There are, as is generally known, certain types radiator and the clips may he placed the slide 9 of bacteria which attain their greatest activity r y n e p m n o e o s rv d. The radionly in temperatures which approach that of the altor is composed of transparent material so that, human body and are therefore considerably above f de ired, l t y e directed upwardly the usual temperature of th laboratory, In rthrough both the radiator and slide by the mirror 35 der to provide the temperature best suited to the e ec or HOIIOW pples l2 are attached to, particular organism, so that it; may be studied and at each end 01', the radiator, to each of which under the most favorable conditions, it is oblsconnected a rubber conduit l3. viously noteconomica-l to heat the entire labora-. A heater is pro ded which may be a conven- '40 tory to the temperature desired as this might tional electric plate I4, having a heating element 40 adversely affect other observations or experil5, therein which is connected by a cord Is to a men ts being simultaneously can-led on. The sosource of current. The connector plug I! has lution therefore, is to apply local heat .to the therein a rheostat adjustable by means 01' the specimen and this has been done before in sev-' o I3 80 at t e c r t flo ing through the eral different ways. One of the most widely used heating element 15 may be controlled to govern 45 of these methods is to provide a-hollow metal the temper tu e ra ia ed 'by the plate. on the shell, which is placed on the slide rest of the P te s p s a Vessel Preferably 1imicroscope or rerractometer, through which Posed of glass or other such material, containin warm water may be circulated. Theslide bearing a quantity or water 2|. I

the specimen to be studied is placed on this shell A pump is P ovi d, immers d in the water in 50 and the heat radiated iro'm the circulating water the vessel I9, by mean of w i e W l er may will keep the specimen warm. This heat however, be circulated through the heat radiator I. The is not sufllciently uniform to insure the best repump comprises a substantially rectangular base sults for the reason that the warm' water is plate 22 having at each corner thereof a rubber as usually obtained from the hot'water mains of the foot 23 which paces he plate from the bottom of the vessel I! as shown in Figure 1. A pump housing 24 is provided with a recess which, when the housing is attached. to the base plate by the screws 426, forms a chamber 21. Mounted for rotation with the shaft 28, and positioned concentrically with the axis oi. the chamber, is a vaned runner 25 which is driven .by'a miniature induction motor 3| supported above the housing 24 by the posts 32. As is shown in Figure 3, the chamber 21 has a recess 33 therein into which opens the lower end of a discharge conduit 34 which is soldered or otherwise secured to the housing and the upper end of which is connected to one of the rubber conduits 13. The other or return conduit 1-3 is attached to a U-shaped pipe 36 which may be hung over the rim of the vessel 9 to discharge the water flowing therein into the vessel. The water in the vessel is admitted into the pump chamber through a suction inlet provided in the base plate which comprises an aperture 3? located concentrically with the axis of rotation of the runner 29, and provided with a marginal flange 3% which projects upwardly into the chamber. As will be seen in Figure l; the vanes of the runner are cut away to clear this flange. The provision of the flange about the suction aperture efiects a material reduction in the slippage of the pump since it prevents, water in the lower part of the chamber from flowing out of the chamber through the suction aperture.

When the pump is running, the water drawn into the pump chamber will be forced by the vaned runner out through the discharge conduit into one of the rubber conduits 43, through the heat manifold 4, back through the other rubber conduit l3, and into the vessel 19 through the pipe 36. The temperature of the water may be very accurately controlled by adjusting the rheostat H to govern the amount 01 current flowing through the heater 15.

It is apparent that the apparatus just described is capable of performing functions about the laboratory other than that just described. By dispensing with the heat radiator 4 the pump may be used to add or withdraw fluids to or from containers, and by removing the pump from the vessel it the pump may be used as a pressure blower, for aeration or the like, or as a vacuum pump.

1 claim:

an attachment for use with a microscope, a relatively thin narrow hollow rectangular shell having parallel upper and lower walls adapted to fit within and he held by the slide support of the microscope, said'shell formed in one piece and of transparent material, and nipples at opposi'te ends of said shell to permit of the passage of fluid through said shell.

LLOYD a. BOWEN. 

